EFFECT OF THREE GREEN FERTILIZERS ON THE AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NATIVE CORN X'MEJEN NAAL IN CAMPECHE, MEXICO

Abstract

In the agronomic management of corn, chemical fertilizers can be replaced by fertilizer techniques that reduce the polluting effect of the excessive use of the former. In order to measure the effect on the agronomic characteristics of the X'mejen Naal corn, a randomized complete block experiment was designed in a bifactorial arrangement with four replications, in which three green manures were tested with or without inoculation with Fosfonat (endomycorrhizae, EM, plus beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria, BFN). The treatments were: Mucuna (Mucuna pruriens, T1 = MUC), Xpelón (Vigna unguiculata, T2= PEL), Ibes (Phaseolus lunatus, T3= IBE), Mucuna inoculated (T4 = MUCEM), Xpelón inoculated (T5 = PELEM), Ibes inoculated (T6 = IBEEM) and the control with incorporated biomass of weeds plus the addition of 200 kg ha^-1 of diammonium phosphate (T7 = ARDAP). The results showed that there were only differences due to the type of green manure and their interaction with the inoculated symbionts, in the weight or fresh and dry biomass in X'mejen naal corn. IBE and ARDAP stood out in fresh weight (1162 and 1251 g), dry matter (168.6 and 163.6 g), dry aerial biomass (7.3 and 8.3 t ha^-1) of corn, respectively. Although the corn grain yields were similar between treatments, it was noticeable that the numerically higher average yields were also observed in IBE and ARDAP with 3.5 and 3.3 t ha^-1 respectively. All the yields reached to express the potential of the X'mejen naal, which is relevant to encourage the use of green manures as an agroecological alternative to conventional fertilization itself.